This fictitious phenomenon became known as the Wolff-Chaikoff Effect (5). Hypothyroidism and goiter were not observed in those rats. These authors did not measure thyroid hormones in the rats studied. But Wolff and Chaikoff concluded that serum inorganic iodide levels at a concentration of 10 -6M blocks the synthesis of thyroid hormones, resulting in hypothyroidism and goiter. The correct interpretation would be: Iodide sufficiency of the thyroid gland was achieved when serum inorganic iodide levels reach 10 -6M, as we previously discussed (4). When serum inorganic iodide levels reached 0.2 mg/L, that is 10 -6M, radioiodide uptake by the thyroid gland became undetectable. Berkley in 1948 (3), describing their finding in rats administered iodide in increasing amounts by intraperitoneal injection. The first nail in the iodine coffin was the publication by Wolff and Chaikoff from U.C. A century ago, non-radioactive forms of inorganic iodine were considered a panacea for all human ills (2), but today, they are avoided by physicians like leprosy. Medical iodophobia has reached pandemic proportion and it is highly contagious (iatrogenic iodophobia). A new syndrome, medical iodophobia, was recently reported (1) with symptoms of split personality, double standards, amnesia, confusion and altered state of consciousness. However, the safe inorganic non-radioactive forms were blamed for the severe side effects of the organic iodine-containing drugs. The manmade organic forms of iodine are extremely toxic, whereas the inorganic non-radioactive forms are extremely safe (1). Several forms of iodine prescribed by U.S. If a patient told his/her physician that he/she could not tolerate seafood, the physician told him/her that he/she was allergic to iodine. Adverse reactions to radiographic contrast media and other iodine-containing drugs were blamed on iodine. physicians were educated early in their medical career to believe that inorganic non-radioactive forms of iodine were toxic. The bioavailable iodide from iodized salt is only 10% and the daily amount of iodide absorbed from iodized salt is 200 to 500 times less than the amount of iodine/iodide previously recommended by U.S. During the second half of the 20 th century, iodophobic misinformation disseminated progressively and deceitfully among the medical profession resulted in a decreased use of Lugol, with iodized salt becoming the standard for iodine supplementation (1). The recommended daily intake for iodine supplementation was 2 to 6 minims (drops) containing 12.5 to 37.5 mg elemental iodine. The minimum dose called minim, was one drop containing 6.25 mg of elemental iodine, with 40% iodine and 60% iodide as the potassium salt. In the old pharmacopeias, Lugol solution was called Liquor Iodi Compositus. physician used Lugol solution for iodine supplementation in his/her practice for both hypo- and hyperthyroidism (1), and for many other medical conditions (2). This range of daily intake of iodine is called orthoiodosupplementation because it is the amount of iodine required for whole body sufficiency based on an iodine/iodide loading test recently developed by the author (1).ĭuring the first half of the 20 th century, almost every U.S. The goal of this manuscript is to have, under the same cover, an update on the Iodine Project which started five years ago an exposé of the Wolff-Chaikoff forgery and contributions from two clinicians with a combined experience with 4,000 patients using Lugol tablets within the range recommended by pre-World War II physicians. The Historical Background of the Iodine Project
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